Setting up file sharing under Mac OS X
This page details how to enable file sharing under Mac OS X 10.3. The instructions are mostly applicable to other versions of OS X as well:
- Enabling web file sharing
- Enabling personal Apple file sharing
- Enabling FTP file sharing
- Enabling Windows file sharing
Enabling web file sharing
Web file sharing allows you to share documents with any user who has internet access and a web browser. OS X makes it easy to turn your computer into a web server, giving you the freedom to create web pages and documents viewed by the entire world.
Please remember that the files which you place in your "Sites" folder to share on the web become immediately public.
- Click on the Apple Menu in the top left corner of the screen. Choose System Preferences from the menu
- You should see the following window
- Click once on Sharing to open the Network system preference
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- Place a check mark next to Personal Web Sharing
- Web sharing is now enabled
There are two directories which we can use to share web files. The first is the computer's site, or the root site. The next is the user's site. The root site can be found just by typing the IP address of the computer into any web browser. For directions on how to find your IP address, please visit this page:
Now that you have web sharing enabled, go ahead and try it. Find your IP address, open up a web browser window, and type the following into your browser's address bar:
- http://youripaddress
Of course, substitute "youripaddress" for the IP address you found by following the directions above. You should see the following page:
If you would like to modify the contents of your computer's root site, do the following:
- Open up a new Finder window by clicking on the desktop, pulling down the File menu, and selecting "New Finder Window"
- Navigate to: Macintosh HD->Library->WebServer->Documents
- You may discard the files in this directory and replace them with whichever files you would like to share
- If you would like a website to exist in this location, you must create a page called "index.html" and place it in this folder, otherwise visiting this site with your web browser will only give you a listing of files in the directory
The second directory which we can use is your user's site. To place files in your user's site, do the following:
- Open up a new Finder window by clicking on the desktop, pulling down the File menu, and selecting "New Finder Window"
- Navigate to the Sites folder in your user folder
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- Drop documents and html files into the Sites directory
- If you would like a website to exist in this location, you must create a page called "index.html" and place it in this folder, otherwise visiting this site with your web browser will only give you a "Forbidden" page
This site can be found by typing in the IP address of your computer into any web browser followed by a tilda (~) and your short username. Thus, the URL template is as follows:
- http://youripaddress/~yourusername/filename
So, for instance if we wanted to access the file listed in the image above, we would type the following into our web browser's address bar:
- http://130.91.131.109/~admin/shared-document.pdf
Enabling personal Apple file sharing
Apple's personal file sharing allows you to share documents with any other Macintosh user who is located on the same subnet. Thus, any Macintosh connected to the Biology network can share data with any other Macintosh on the Biology network, given some simple configuration.
- Click on the Apple Menu in the top left corner of the screen. Choose System Preferences from the menu
- You should see the following window
- Click once on Sharing to open the Network system preference
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- Place a check mark next to Personal File Sharing
- Personal file sharing is now enabled
There are now two ways in which another user may connect to your computer.
- [1] Typing your IP address into the Go menu
- [2] Browsing for your machine through the Network menu in the Finder window
The first method is accomplished by following these steps:
- Click on the desktop, bring down the Go menu, and select Connect to server...
- The type the IP address of the computer which you wish to connect to in the Server Address field. If you need help finding your IP address, please visit this instructional page
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- Press the Connect button. You will now be presented with a login box.
- A user may login as him or herself and be able to view and modify any of their own files, or any files on the Macintosh HD which they have permission to view or modify. To log in as an authorized user, select Registered User in the dialog box, then type in username in the field below:
- A user may also login as a Guest, which will give them permission to view files in the User's public folder and also to place files into the user's public drop box. To log in as a guest, select the Guest option in the dialog box:
The second way in which a user may connect to your machine is through the Network menu in the Finder window.
- Click on the desktop and pull down the File menu. Open up "New Finder Window"
- Click on the Network icon in the left hand pane
- Open up Local, then navigate to the server which you would like to connect to
- Double click on this server or click on the Connect icon
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- Press the Connect button. You will now be presented with a login box.
- A user may login as him or herself and be able to view and modify any of their own files, or any files on the Macintosh HD which they have permission to view or modify. To log in as an authorized user, select Registered User in the dialog box, then type in username in the field below:
- A user may also login as a Guest, which will give them permission to view files in the User's public folder and also to place files into the user's public drop box. To log in as a guest, select the Guest option in the dialog box:
You can share files with users who log into your computer as a Guest by placing them in your Public folder in your user directory.
- Click once on the desktop, open the File menu, select New Finder Window
- Navigate to your user folder, then Public
- You may now place any files in here which you want to share with others. Anyone who logs in as a guest will be able to access these files.
As well, users may place files into your Drop Box to share with you. If you have guests connect to your computer, you may want to check this drop box to see if anyone has left files for you.
Enabling FTP file sharing
FTP file sharing allows you to share documents with authenticated users via an FTP client. This is most useful for users who have accounts on one machine to transfer data to another computer which is on a different operating system or on a different network.
- Click on the Apple Menu in the top left corner of the screen. Choose System Preferences from the menu
- You should see the following window
- Click once on Sharing to open the Network system preference
- Place a check mark next to FTP Access
- FTP sharing is now enabled
In order to connect to this computer, you must run an FTP client on the remote machine. By running an FTP client, it is easy to connect to your computer from both Macintosh and Windows based operating systems. All that is required is that you download and install the appropriate client. Penn offers free downloads of these clients:
Using the FTP client, a user must enter the IP address of the machine which they want to connect to into the address field. For help determining the IP address of a Macintosh computer, please visit this link. The user may then login as him or herself and be able to view and modify any of his or her own files, or any files on the Macintosh HD which he or she has permission to view or modify.
To log into your machine using Fetch, do the following:
- Go into your Applications folder, open Fetch
- In the New Connection dialog box, type in the IP address of the computer to which you want to connect into Host field
- Under User ID, type in your username which you use to log into the machine
- Under Security, select Cleartext password
- Type in your password into the Password field
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- Press OK
- If you get a message stating that you are trying to use an insecure connection, press the Ignore button
- You may also get a message stating that there is no such directory as "/usr/local/ftp/html". You may press OK and ignore the warning.
- You will now be presented with access to the files in your user folder. Use the Get button to transfer files from the remote machine to your local machine, and use the Put Files... button to transfer files from your local machine to your remote machine
To log onto your machine using FileZilla, do the following:
- Goto Start, Programs, open FileZilla
- In the Address field, type in the IP address of the machine to which you want to connect
- In the User field, type in your username which you use to log into the machine
- Type in your password into the Password field
- Press the Quickconnect button
- You will now be presented with access to the files in your user folder. To upload or download files or folders, navigate to the desired items in the navigational windows, then right-click on them and select the appropriate option
Enabling Windows file sharing
Windows file sharing allows you to share documents with users running the Microsoft Windows operating system. This is useful for transfering data over the network between a Mac and a PC.
- Click on the Apple Menu in the top left corner of the screen. Choose System Preferences from the menu
- You should see the following window
- Click once on Sharing to open the Network system preference
- Place a check mark next to Windows Sharing
- Windows sharing is now enabled
To access your Mac from a Windows 2000/XP machine, follow these directions:
- First, determine the IP address of the Mac to which you want to connect. Directions can be found here
- On the Windows computer, open up the Start menu, then select Run
- Type in: "\\youripaddress" without quotes, substituting youripaddress for the IP address of your Mac
- You will get a login prompt. Type in the login and password that you use for your Macintosh
- You will now be presented with a folder which points to the data in your user folder, along with any other shared items, such as printers
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